Discord Bot with Command Handler

Hello everyone 👋, I am Atharva Deshpande and this is my second article on developing discord bots.

In this article, we will understand how to use a command handler in a discord bot and the new slash commands. This article is built upon my previous article "Discord Bot with Slash Commands", hence it is recommended to go through it once.

This would be a very short and quick read as there aren't a lot many changes involved.

Here is the link to Github Repository. You can go ahead and get the code directly but I would recommend reading through the article once.

Note: Make sure you are on the command-handler branch before cloning.

Prerequisites

• Familiar with the process of creating bot in the developer portal.

  Note: Do not forget to select applications.commands while generating invite link.

• Any code editor. ( I would be using VSCode )

• Basic understanding of Javascript

• Machine with NodeJS v16.15.0 installed.

• Quick read of Discord Bot with Slash Commands

Writing the code

1. Altering the structure a little bit. Create a new folder called slashCommands in the root directory of your project. Move the hello.js command inside the folder. Your updated structure should look like this.

   

2. Changing the deploy-commands.js file

   const fs = require('fs')
   const { REST } = require('@discordjs/rest');
   const { Routes } = require('discord-api-types/v9');
   const commands = [];
   const commandFilesDir = ['']
   const deploySlashCommands = async (arrayDir) => {
   const rest = new REST({ version: '9' }).setToken(process.env.BOT_TOKEN);
   const applicationId = 'YOUR_APPLICATION_ID'
   const guildId = 'YOUR_GUILD_ID'
   arrayDir.forEach(dir => {
    const commandFiles = fs.readdirSync(`./slashCommands/${dir}`).filter(file => file.endsWith('.js'));
    for (const file of commandFiles) {
      const command = require(`./slashCommands/${dir}/${file}`);
      commands.push(command.data.toJSON());
    }
   })
   // This commented code should be uncommented if you want to deploy the commands globally in all the servers
   /* rest.put(Routes.applicationCommands(applicationId), { body: commands })
   .then(() => console.log('Successfully registered application commands.'))
   .catch(console.error);
   */
   // Comment this if you are deploying commands globally
   rest.put(Routes.applicationGuildCommands(applicationId, guildId), { body: commands })
    .then(() => console.log('Successfully registered application commands.'))
    .catch(console.error);
   }
   deploySlashCommands(commandFilesDir);
   

   Replace the applicationId and guildId variables with the correct values. Here, we added a small loop to iterate over an array and fetch the file just like we used to do it before.

   arrayDir.forEach(dir => {
     const commandFiles = fs.readdirSync(`./slashCommands/${dir}`).filter(file => file.endsWith('.js'));
         for (const file of commandFiles) {
          const command = require(`./slashCommands/${dir}/${file}`);
          commands.push(command.data.toJSON());
         }
   })
   

   We are passing an array when calling the function

   deploySlashCommands(commandFilesDir)
   

   This commandFilesDir is defined at the top with a blank entry like [''], indicating that the commands are directly located inside the slashCommands folder and not in another sub-folder.

   Now you can run the command node deploy-commands.js and it should run successfully.

3. Migrating events

   Create an events folder at the root level and in that folder create a file interactionCreate.js.

   Note: Please make sure the file name is exactly the same as above.

   Your project structure should look like this

   Copy paste the following code inside interactionCreate.js file.

   exports.run = async (client, interaction) => {
     if (!interaction.isCommand())
        return;
      const command = client.slashCommands.get(interaction.commandName);
      if (!command)
        return;
      try {
           command.execute(client, interaction);
      } catch (error) {
          console.error(error);
          return interaction.reply({ content: 'There was an error while executing this command!', ephemeral: true });
      }
   };
   

   It is the same code we have inside index.js where we listen for the interactionCreate event. Since we have moved the code here, we can remove the code from index.js.

4. Reading commands and events in index.js

   Copy-paste the below code in index.js. It is almost the same as before with a small change in the way we listened to the commands and the events.

   const fs = require('fs')
   const { Client, Collection, Intents } = require('discord.js');
   const client = new Client({ intents: [Intents.FLAGS.GUILDS] });
   client.slashCommands = new Collection();
   const readSlashCommands = (arrayDirs) => {
      arrayDirs.forEach(dir => {
        fs.readdir(`./slashCommands/${dir}/`, (err, files) => {
          if (err) return console.log(err);
          files.forEach(file => {
            if (!file.endsWith(".js")) return;
            let props = require(`./slashCommands/${dir}/${file}`);
            console.log("Successfully loaded " + props.data.name)
            client.slashCommands.set(props.data.name, props);
          });
        });
      });
   }
   readSlashCommands([''])
   client.on('ready', async () => {
      var memCount = client.guilds.cache.reduce((x, y) => x + y.memberCount, 0);
      console.log(`Bot has started, with ${memCount} users, in ${client.channels.cache.size} channels of ${client.guilds.cache.size} guilds.`);
   })
   fs.readdir('./events/', (err, files) => {
      if (err) console.log(err);
      files.forEach(file => {
        let eventFunc = require(`./events/${file}`);
        console.log("Successfully loaded " + file)
        let eventName = file.split(".")[0];
        client.on(eventName, (...args) => eventFunc.run(client, ...args));
      });
   });
   client.login(process.env.BOT_TOKEN);
   

   The function readSlashCommands works on the very same logic as we wrote in the deploy-commands.js file. Similarly, we are listening to the events such as interactionCreate via the code:

   fs.readdir('./events/', (err, files) => {
      if (err) console.log(err);
      files.forEach(file => {
        let eventFunc = require(`./events/${file}`);
        console.log("Successfully loaded " + file)
        let eventName = file.split(".")[0];
        client.on(eventName, (...args) => eventFunc.run(client, ...args));
      });
   });
   

   which is very much similar to the command read code.

   You can now run the respective command to start the bot and the console should look something like this.

   

VOILA YOU HAVE DONE IT!!!

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